@article{6bce7352e9924a139b964767749567ae,
title = "A method for optimizing maritime emergency resource allocation in inland waterways",
abstract = "Maritime safety and emergency operation management are critical to preventing maritime accidents and mitigating risks. In this study, we propose a novel method to optimize maritime emergency resource allocation to improve emergency management efficiency. We combine the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and coefficient of variation (CV) to develop an inverse comprehensive weight (CW) - data envelopment analysis (DEA) model. We apply this model to evaluate the efficiency of allocating emergency resources among ten Maritime Safety Administrations (MSAs) in the Jiangsu section of the Yangtze River in China. Our results indicate that five MSAs have low emergency management benefits, and we propose emergency resource allocation optimization options to improve their emergency management benefits. This study provides policymakers with valuable insights and guidelines for optimizing maritime emergency resource allocation in inland waterways.",
keywords = "Inverse CW-DEA method, Maritime emergency management, Resource allocation optimization, Waterway safety, Yangtze River",
author = "Quandang Ma and Yang Zhou and Mingyang Zhang and Qi Peng and Shanshan Fu and Nengchao Lyu",
note = "Funding Information: This research is supported by the National Key Technologies Research & Development Program ( 2017YFC0804900 ) and the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province ( 20221J0089 ). Funding Information: Many studies have investigated resource allocation in emergency response to ensure emergency rescue efficiency and reduce losses caused by accidents, as shown in Table 1. Azofra et al. (2007) used a gravitational model to propose an objective method for allocating maritime rescue resources. The model was used to define individual and zonal distribution models. Zhang et al. (2021a) developed a dynamic multi-objective location-routing model considering the effect of the dynamic motion of offshore oil film to support the practical emergency response in a large-scale oil spill accident. Zhang et al. (2017) established the dynamic demand of maritime emergency resources and proposed a robust optimization model to allocate the resources. Guo et al. (2019) proposed an integer nonlinear programming model to solve the problem of allocating a plurality of resources in a long-range maritime SAR. The model maximized both the probability of accomplishing the rescue operations and the benefits of allocating emergency resources. Ai and Zhang (2019) proposed a two-stage location optimization model, which integrates the problems of locating maritime emergency supply repertories, distributing emergency supplies, and cooperation between the government and enterprises.The input indicators were selected according to the emergency resources mainly used in emergency SAR. The emergency SAR of maritime traffic accidents is inseparable from the support of shore emergency rescue facilities. When a maritime traffic accident occurs, the personnel in the maritime emergency bases near the water area make the first emergency response. The maritime emergency base is a professional facility for maritime SAR. It has functions of docking ships, storing and repairing navigation marks, and some bases also have helicopter landing functions and storing oil spill emergency equipment. The number of maritime emergency bases determines the speed of emergency response and efficiency of emergency rescue. Therefore, the number of maritime emergency bases was selected as an emergency input indicator.The definition of material support resources is relatively broad. Common material support resources include life jackets, lifebuoys, life rafts, immersion suits, thermal insulation suits, and other life-saving appliances or supplies. These materials are difficult to quantify as life-saving materials because they are easy to consume and are stored in scattered places. Considering the independence of the evaluation indicators, we did not regard the scattered life-saving materials as an evaluation indicator. As an important traffic support resource, sea patrol boats are imperative in daily cruise and maritime emergency SAR. Sea patrol boats near the water often arrive first at maritime accident scenes and participate in rescue because they are fast, convenient, and flexible. In addition, other official ships of the fishery administration, marine police and other departments often participate in maritime emergency SAR, which is helpful for finding dangerous situations and personnel rescue. Therefore, sea patrol boats and other official vessels were regarded as transportation. Finally, tugs, as necessary ships in ports, are usually used to assist large ships to enter and leave the port and dock. For the rescue of ships in distress, the tug is also an independent resource in emergency SAR. Therefore, tugs were selected as an evaluation indicator of emergency resources.However, most of the current emergency management policies and guidelines in China focus on emergency rescue after accidents, ignoring pre-emergency preparation. Prominent problems still exist in maritime emergency SAR, such as inadequate policies and regulations as well as insufficient support capacity. Moreover, the guidelines and standards of inland river emergency management mostly appear effective in principle, whereas quantitative calculation standards are lacking for important emergency resource management, such as emergency personnel allocation, emergency base construction, and emergency material reserve. According to the Action Plan For New Infrastructure Construction in the Field of Transportation (2021–2025), in the future, China's inland waterway transportation system will rely on high-grade channels such as the Yangtze River trunk line, Xijiang shipping trunk line, Beijing Hangzhou canal, Wujiang River, Fujiang River, and Hangzhou Shenzhen line to construct intelligent waterways, thereby improving the operation guarantee, collaborative supervision, and comprehensive service capacities of inland waterways. Therefore, it is necessary to improve China's inland river emergency management system, which is crucial for constructing intelligent waterways.This research is supported by the National Key Technologies Research & Development Program (2017YFC0804900) and the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (20221J0089). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 The Authors",
year = "2023",
month = dec,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.116224",
language = "English",
volume = "289",
journal = "Ocean Engineering",
issn = "0029-8018",
publisher = "Elsevier",
}