A Comprehensive Model of Data Center: From CPU to Cooling Tower

Aiming at addressing environmental challenges, large data centers, such as Facebook, Google, and Yahoo, are increasing share of green power in their daily energy consumption. Such trends drive research into new directions, e.g., sustainable data centers. The research often relies on expressive models that provide sufficient details, however, practical to re-use and expand. There is a lack of available data center models that capture internal operating states of the facility from the CPU to the cooling tower. It is a challenge to develop a model that allows to describe complete data center of any scale including its connection to the grid. This paper proposes such a model building on the existing work. The challenge was to put the pieces of data center together and model behavior of each element so that interdependencies between components and parameters and operating states are captured correctly and in sufficient details. The proposed model was used in the project “Data center microgrid integration” and proven to be adequate and important to support such study.